Badi is the knowledge with which the beauty of speech is revealed,It is the science of arranging words, which transforms ordinary language into poetry with beautiful techniques and elements. Religious and Ashura poems are also full of Badi methods and aesthetic arrays. One of the religious poets of Ghajar dynasty is Fadaei Mazandarani, whose poems have aesthetic capacities from Badi perspective of Verbal and spiritual type. This article, using a library method, has examined Mazandarani's system from this point of view, and has presented quantitative and qualitative data from the analysis of the Badi beauty-creating factors of this poet's poetry in a descriptive-analytical form. The statistical population of the research is Fadaei Mazandaranis Poems and the statistical sample is the fourth Maghtal of this work. The obtained results indicate that among the elements of Verbal Badi, the method of balance is used more than inlay. In the art of puns, the variety of puns is well observed, and in the discussion of repetition, different types of this art have been used in accordance with the theme and content of the poem.

This paper seeks to bridge between "hermeneutics" as the theory and practice of interpreting texts, and "discourse analysis" as the study of the mechanism of how senses (context-oriented meanings) are formed in different contexts. To do this, reviewing hermeneutics and discourse concepts, it will focus upon the main constituents of any instance of interpretation, and through some examples, it will show how each constituent as a meaningful element of certain discourse may influence interpretation.  

Vocabulary development seems to be the most significant and useful activity in any language class because learning the words of a language is undeniably an important part of a speaker’ s command of that language. Therefore, teaching vocabulary is an essential component of standards-based curriculum alignment. In view of that, this study aimed to find out whether there is a significant relationship between Iranian intermediate EFL learners’ vocabulary knowledge and their Verbal and non-Verbal fluid intelligence. To this aim, 201 English language intermediate students were asked to fill out three questionnaires including Vocabulary Level Test, Visual-Spatial Reasoning Test as a non-Verbal fluid intelligence test, and the Persian adaptation of Baddeley’ s 3-minute grammatical reasoning test as a Verbal fluid intelligence test. The results of the study’ s hypothesized model showed that vocabulary knowledge is predicted by both Verbal and non-Verbal fluid intelligence significantly, and non-Verbal fluid intelligence is shown to be the stronger predictor of vocabulary knowledge than Verbal fluid intelligence. Moreover, the results indicated that there is a significant difference in the level of EFL students’ vocabulary knowledge between male and female students while there is no significant difference in students’ Verbal and non-Verbal fluid intelligence regarding their gender.

The use of Verbal humor in an L2 class has often been a great challenge to the teachers and materials developers, as it is felt to require great linguistic, social and cultural competence. This feeling has led the instructors to include as little Verbal humor as possible in EFL classrooms and textbooks. The present research was an attempt to help FL practitioners make out manageable ways of implementing Verbal humor appropriate in an EFL curriculum. It aimed to examine the appropriacy and effectiveness of Verbal humor instances to be implemented in L2 classrooms. To this end 225 participants (56 male and 169 female) selected from undergraduate students of English Literature, English Translation and TEFL were given a questionnaire containing 40 short English humorous texts which randomly enjoyed a violation of Gricean Maxims. The results of this study demonstrate that there is a relationship between the humorous language and proficiency (r=.21, n=225, p<.01). The results also suggest that humorous texts with the violation of Relevance maxim (and, to some extent, Quantity maxim) are appreciated more by the EFL learners. The findings also indicate that women enjoy humor as much as men do.

Creativity, problem recognition, implementation and value for support by Innovation are necessary and privacy none not become redound into Innovation. individual, teams and or organizations without creativity not may to reduction one problem into opportunity and creation of value toward self clientele. Implementation successful also author become creation value and add value, that extend to all agent. Managers must attended to this point that is not tools alone element advance and promotion, rather must linkage narrowing to visible inter need and problem that tools power eliminate, any tools upon other tools not preference, unless eliminate special need. This paper to logical framework and watchful study to peruse the 18 basic and main tools at research circle by variety tools of the Innovation management ten of technique, that gain top value of average experts esteem and to making concept Innovation dimension by viewpoint main agent and those figure to explain place agent to arena of the Innovation management. Between agent and these efficacy not exist one to one linkage. May be diverse agent realization diverse activity. Agent have variety role, like, make tools, promotion usage, helping of agent. Also according to the to the study, 54%, universities creator of tools and 54% of the companies use techniques and instruments are introduced, 61% believe that consultant company most of help to be companies in the bear of use techniques, Some 20% of the actors in the study stated that they have successfully used IMTs in their own organization, inclusive are industrial firm and consultant firm and exist plus correlation between.